SAML, developed by the Security Services Technical Committee of the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS), is an XML-based framework for communicating user authentication, entitlement, and attribute information. As its name suggests, SAML allows business entities to make assertions regarding the identity, attributes, and entitlements of a subject (an entity that is often a human user) to other entities, such as a partner company or another enterprise application.
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Web application technologies like PHP, CGI, Javascript, and Ajax have made it much easier for people to construct and deploy services on the Internet. Unfortunately, this has opened a wide avenue for new attacks since it is as easy to unintentionally introduce new vulnerabilities into web applications as it is to intentionally introduce new functionality. Consequently, web applications have increasingly been the focus of attackers.
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Information and documentation services available on the Internet through web servers are growing in an exponential manner. The logical evolution of the Internet over the last 10 years has been producing a replacement of static web pages and documents by dynamically generated documents. This is due both to user interaction with work processes and flows defined by service creators and to the availability of growing information repositories. This has meant a progressive evolution from a concept of web page publishing which was quite simple in its origins to more complex and differentiated schemes relying on procedures and techniques based on information management. The increasing complexity of services and systems supporting them has made it necessary to formulate a theoretical and practical corpus capable of combining classical information management techniques within organizations with the particular features of the digital environment.
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Considering the rapid pace of changes in the software field and the limited courses that a student can take in languages, the question is which languages are crucial for students to learn in an undergraduate IS curriculum. This paper investigates the necessity of teaching C# and .NET in the undergraduate IS curriculum. It explores the pros and cons of .Net versus J2EE for applications development and differences between C#, C++ and Java, and which one may be the best language for teaching first programming course in IS curriculum.
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It began life under the name ARPANet in 1969. It was born in the U.S.A., created in the midst of the Cold War by the government as a strategic mechanism that would provide for the emission and reception of electronic communication signals in the event of a world catastrophe. Commissioned by the Department of Defense, four computers called nodes were connected using modems, telephone wires and satellites, one each at UCLA, UCSB, Stanford and University of Utah. ARPANet stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. Its purpose was to share information and results of research among the various scientists involved in Department of Defense projects. Each node was specifically designed io be independent of the others in case of that aforementioned world catastrophe.
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Once upon a time, the Internet was a wholly virtual environment, moored only loosely to the physical world. It was where information went to become free, where censorship was routed around, where communities could leap barriers of distance and culture in a single bound . . . and where no one knew you were a dog. The kicker was that these aspects were built into the fabric of the Net, thanks to its origins in military communications research. You couldn’t tie the Net to the real world if you wanted to.
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Web services, an emerging paradigm for architecting and implementing business collaborations within and across organizational boundaries, are currently of interest to both software vendors and scientists. In this paradigm, the functionality provided by business applications is encapsulated within web services: software components described at a semantic level, which can be invoked by application programs or by other services through a stack of Internet standards including HTTP, XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI [3,18]. Once deployed, web services provided by various organizations can be inter-connected in order to implement business collaborations, leading to composite web services.
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The combination of evolving ICT standards that increase the interoperability between applications and the ever-increasing need for a more seamless access to and exchange of information is a major driver in the OECD ICT strategy. This paper describes the role and use of web services in the context of recent developments at the OECD to improve the accessibility of statistical information. It follows up on a paper presented at the 2002 ISIS meeting about “Improving Access to Statistical Information at OECD in Response to Users’ Requirements” and describes a technology framework – called “dot.STAT” – that has been devised for the implementation of applications that enable easy access to certain OECD reference data. The concepts outlined in this paper have been developed in close collaboration with the Statistics Directorate, specialised OECD-internal groups and task forces 2, as well as members of the SDMX Consortium3.
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